{"id":417,"date":"2020-12-09T21:17:12","date_gmt":"2020-12-09T21:17:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/info.ias.tuwien.ac.at\/bsc\/?p=417"},"modified":"2020-12-09T21:17:41","modified_gmt":"2020-12-09T21:17:41","slug":"pyrazines-synthesis-and-industrial-application-of-these-valuable-flavor-and-fragrance-compounds","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/info.ias.tuwien.ac.at\/bsc\/publications\/pyrazines-synthesis-and-industrial-application-of-these-valuable-flavor-and-fragrance-compounds\/","title":{"rendered":"Pyrazines: Synthesis and Industrial Application of these Valuable Flavor and Fragrance Compounds"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"417\" class=\"elementor elementor-417\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7b9dc584 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7b9dc584\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-788ee7f1\" data-id=\"788ee7f1\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a429f00 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a429f00\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAlkyl pyrazines\u2014other than being extracted from various natural sources such as coffee beans, cocoa beans, and vegetables\u2014can be synthesized by chemical methods or by certain microorganisms. The importance of pyrazines for the food industry is expected to grow in the upcoming years due to the higher demand for convenience products. The roasty, nutty, and earthy smell is reminiscent of coffee and cocoa, depending on substitution and concentration of pyrazines. The growing awareness of people about the ingredients and the origin of their daily food has strongly influenced the market with labels like \u201corganic\u201d and \u201cnatural.\u201d Many flavor ingredients prepared by biotechnological methods have conquered the market recently and are destined to replace the ineffective (0.01% pyrazine kg<sup>\u22121<\/sup> biomass) extraction from plants or animal sources. This review focuses on the achievements and challenges in pyrazine synthesis. The major part deals with an overview of methods such as the extraction of natural products, the chemical and biocatalytic synthesis, and fermentation by microorganisms. The different types of production are decisive for the declaration and value of the final product and span from 200\u20133500 US$ kg<sup>\u22121<\/sup> for the synthetically produced or the naturally extracted 2,5\u2010dimethylpyrazine, respectively.\r\n\r\nDOI: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/biot.202000064\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/biot.202000064<\/a>\r\n\r\nAuthors:\r\nFrederik B. Mortzfeld, Chiam Hashem, Kvetoslava Vrankov\u00e1, Margit Winkler, Florian Rudroff\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Alkyl pyrazines\u2014other than being extracted from various natural sources such as coffee beans, cocoa beans, and vegetables\u2014can be synthesized by chemical methods or by certain microorganisms. The importance of pyrazines for the food industry is expected to grow in the upcoming years due to the higher demand for convenience products. The roasty, nutty, and earthy [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"left-sidebar","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"default","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[8],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/info.ias.tuwien.ac.at\/bsc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/417"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/info.ias.tuwien.ac.at\/bsc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/info.ias.tuwien.ac.at\/bsc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/info.ias.tuwien.ac.at\/bsc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/info.ias.tuwien.ac.at\/bsc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=417"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/info.ias.tuwien.ac.at\/bsc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/417\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/info.ias.tuwien.ac.at\/bsc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=417"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/info.ias.tuwien.ac.at\/bsc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=417"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/info.ias.tuwien.ac.at\/bsc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=417"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}